Citation Style - APA

Books can have one author, and sometimes multiple authors. The author(s) can be either an individual or corporate, meaning a ministry, an organization, a conference...etc. Some books have editors instead of authors.

Below are the different cases you will face when citing books:

• A Book with NO Author
• A Book with individual author(s)
• A Book with corporate author(s)
• A Book with editor(s)
• An Ebook
• A chapter in an edited book

* As a general rule, You need to mention the names of all the authors (editors) in your bibliography. The maximum number of names allowed in a citation entry is 20.

* In case a book has more than 20 authors (editors), list the first 19 by last names and initials; commas separate author names. After the first 19 use an ellipsis (i.e., …) in place of the remaining names. Thereafter, end with the final author's (editor's) name (do not place an & before it). 

In a case where you have a book with no known author or editor then the rule is:

Book title: Subtitle. (Year). Place of Publication: Publisher

Example-1: Webster's basic English dictionary. (2018). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.

Example-2: The complete encyclopaedia of garden flowers. (2007). Bateman.

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Date). Title in italic sentence case: Subtitle in italic sentence case (edition information if applicable.). Publisher.

Example:

Smith, M. E. (2021). Inspiring green consumer choices: Leverage neuroscience to reshape marketplace behavior (1st ed.). Kogan Page.

First Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Second Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Date). Title in italic sentence case: Subtitle in italic sentence case (edition information if applicable.). Publisher.

Examples:

Stair, R. M., & Reynolds, G. W. (2016). Fundamentals of information systems (Eighth ed.). Cengage Learning. 

Zubaida, S., Tapper, R., & University of London. Centre of Near and Middle Eastern Studies. (2000). A taste of thyme: Culinary cultures of the Middle East. Tauris Parke Paperbacks. 

Blanco, V., Osman, J., Kapoor, D., Uzor, K., Alwan, L., Wong Ken, S., Barnes, C., Ibrahim, N. N., Sital, K. A., Khor, S. Y., Taylor, S., Membreno, S., Coomes, N. L., Muddagouni, K., Owusu, N., Cheng, J. S., Pollari, N., Sylvester, N., Gabriel, B., & Khakpour, P. (2020). A map is only one story: Twenty writers on immigration, family, and the meaning of home. Catapult. 

Corporate or Group Author. (Date). Title of book: Subtitle in italic sentence case (edition information if applicable.). Name of Publisher if distinct from author.

Examples:

Unesco. (2009). Overcoming inequality: Why governance matters. Paris: Unesco Publishing.

National Council of Tourism & Antiquities (United Arab Emirates). (2016). Antiquities from the United Arab Emirates. 

Centre Georges Pompidou & Musée national d'art moderne (France). (2007). Le nuage magellan = the magellanic cloud. Editions du Centre Pompidou.

National Research Council (U.S.). (2011). Improving health in the united states: The role of health impact assessment. National Academies Press. Retrieved January 16 2023 from http://uclibs.org/PID/227706.

Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Ed.) (Date). Title in italic sentence case: Subtitle in italic sentence case (edition information if applicable.). Publisher.

Example:

Dinnie, K. (Ed.). (2011). City branding: Theory and cases. Palgrave Macmillan.

First Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Second Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Eds.) (Date). Title in italic sentence case: Subtitle in italic sentence case (edition information if applicable.). Publisher.

Examples:

Dryzek, J. S., & Schlosberg, D. (Eds.). (2005). Debating the earth: The environmental politics reader (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.

Chomsky, A., Carr, B., Prieto, A., & Smorkaloff Pamela María (Eds.). (2019). The cuba reader: History, culture, politics (Second edition, revised and updated). Duke University Press.

eBook with DOI:

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Date). Title of eBook: Subtitle in italic sentence case. Name of Publisher. Retrieved (date), from DOI.

Examples:

Cummins, D. D. (2021). Good thinking: Seven powerful ideas that influence the way we think (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. Retrieved January 16, 2023, from https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108907712.

Kumar, K., Saini, G., Nguyen, D. M., Kumar, N., & Shah, R. (2022). Smart cities: Concepts, practices, and applications. CRC Press. Retrieved January 14, 2023, from https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003287186.

eBook available free on the internet:

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Date). Title of eBook: Subtitle in italic sentence case. Name of Publisher. URL

Example:

Alcott, L. M. (1915). Little women. Little brown and company. https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/37106/pg37106-images.html

This rule is to use only when citing an edited book. An "Edited Book" is a book that has an editor, with articles or chapters written by different authors. Do NOT cite a chapter in a book that has been entirely written by the same author(s) -- instead, cite the whole book.